Essays on PSYCHOLOGY: DISORDERS
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DEPRESSION.
Term Paper ID:30403
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Essay Subject:
Examines depression from the family-systems perspective.... More...
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8 Pages / 1800 Words
6 sources, 18 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Examines depression from the family-systems perspective. Contends that a depressed individual must be viewed in context of the family unit according to family therapy theory. Dynamics of interactions within family structure. Murray Bowen's view of self-differentiation. Family pathology and experience. Role of selt-esteem in depression.
Paper Introduction:
This research examines the issue of individual depression from the family-systems perspective. The research will set forth the family context in which an individual's depression may surface and affect individual behavior and feeling, and then discuss ways in which the family of the depressed individual may be a factor in his or her behavior and feeling.
Tolstoy's (1970) observation that all happy families are alike and that each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way provides a means of setting out an endorsement of the family unit as the highest and best expression of human experience. The conflict created by Anna's elopement with Vronsky has its source in the fact of their violation of the integrity of the family structure. In great contrast to her cousin Levin, she forgoes the social protections of the family when she steps outside the famil
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ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER (ADD).
Term Paper ID:30350
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Essay Subject:
Discussioin of diagnosis of ADD, a condition characterized by hyperactivity.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
4 sources, 38 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
Discussion of diagnosis of ADD, a condition characterized by hyperactivity. Focuses on issue of whether the diagnosis is an aid to professioinals in helping those suffering from ADD. Evidence of a biological basis. Effectiveness of medication to relieve target symptoms of ADD. Discusses elements of ADD that have not been adequately addressed. Cites studies.
Paper Introduction:
Introduction
The symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or attention deficit disorder (ADD) have been defined as hyperactivity, trouble maintaining attention, and difficulty controlling impulses (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2001). Some professionals in the field see this diagnosis as an aid in helping those who have ADD, others view it as unclear at best. R. P. Halgin (2001) uses articles by psychiatrist Edward M. Hallowell and educational consultant Thomas Armstrong to demonstrate these two perspectives.
Summary of Articles
In his article “What I’ve Learned from ADD”, Edward M. Hallowell states that his own discovery of being diagnosed with ADD “has been tremendously freeing” (Hallowell, 1997, p. 56).
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COMPARISON OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS.
Term Paper ID:30140
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Essay Subject:
Describes characteristics of 3 disorders.... More...
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8 Pages / 1800 Words
6 sources, 15 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
Describes characteristics of 3 disorders. Schzotypal, Borderline, & Obsessive/Compulsive. How each personality disorder is perceived by person suffering from one. Self-identity. Interpersonal conduct. Behaviors; how person related to other people. Defense mechanisms; how denial and repression are used. Areas of conflict in lives.
Paper Introduction:
SCHIZOTYPAL, BORDERLINE, & OBSESSIVE/COMPULSIVE
PERSONALITY DISORDERS COMPARISON
The Schizotypal Personality Disorder is characterized by a pattern of social and interpersonal deficits that are pervasive and result in acute discomfort and capacity for close relationships, cognitive and perceptual distortions, and eccentric behavior. The Borderline Personality Disorder includes a pattern of unstable relationships, affective difficulties, and self-image with marked impulsivity and self-destructive behaviors. The Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder includes a preoccupation with perfectionism, orderliness, and mental and interpersonal control that resists flexibility, efficiency, or openness (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1994, pp. 641, 650, 669; Clarkin, Hull, Cantor, &
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HALLUCINATORY DISORDERS.
Term Paper ID:30091
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Essay Subject:
Defines hallucinations and describes two types: dissociative and schizophrenic.... More...
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12 Pages / 2700 Words
7 sources, 14 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Defines hallucinations and describes two types: dissociative and schizophrenic. Discusses two major treatments: pharmacological treatment & psychological strategies. Cites several studies on hallucinations. The role of psychiatric nurses and their principal duties in the care of patients with hallucinatory disorders. Common symptoms of schizophrenia; auditory hallucinations. Behavior management strategies.
Paper Introduction:
Hallucinations are symptoms of different disease states and conditions can occur when brain metabolism is altered from its normal level. The two major types of hallucinations are the dissociative type and the schizophrenic type, with the schizophrenic type more prevalent in auditory hallucinations. The two major available treatments are pharmacological treatment and psychological strategies of a behavioral type to teach patients to cope with auditory hallucinations. For example, patients suffering auditory hallucinations even when on antipsychotic medication can also suffer from depression, anxiety and suicidal behaviors. Psychiatric nurses can aid hallucinatory patients through pharmacological means as well as behavioral treatment. This research paper will discuss several studies on the topic as well as the role of the psychiatric nurse
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PEDOPHILIA.
Term Paper ID:29906
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Essay Subject:
Examines theories of the sexual disorder of pedophlia.... More...
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11 Pages / 2475 Words
10 sources, 16 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
Examines theories of the sexual disorder of pedophilia. Cites the integrated theory of Pedophilia as the most accurate, and best supported by existing literature on the topic. Gives explanations of causes of the deviant behavior. DSM-IV classification & criteria. Discusses several models including psychoanalytic theories & laearning theories. Explains the Integrated (Multimodal) theory of pedophilia with its emphasis on childhood experiences, sociocultural environmental & biological variables, situational effects. How behavior is determined. Methods of treatment.
Paper Introduction:
DEFENSE OF THE INTEGRATED THEORY OF PEDOPHILIA
Introduction
According to the American Psychiatric Association (1994), the paraphilias consist of sexual disorders in which a person has persistent and strong sexual urges and fantasies involving either non-human objects (e.g., fetishism and transvetic fetishism), or real and/or simulated suffering (e.g., sadism and masochism), or non-consenting others (e.g., exhibitionism, voyeurism and pedophilia). Of the paraphilias, the most destructive and damaging to both individuals and society is pedophilia (Morrison, Erroga & Beckett, 1995).
Conceptually, pedophilia is defined as the act or fantasy of engaging in sexual activity with prepubertal children as the preferred to exclusive method of achieving sexual excitement (Quinsey
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PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Term Paper ID:29855
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Essay Subject:
Examines how this psychotic disorder is presented in the film "A BEAUTIFUL MIND."... More...
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7 Pages / 1575 Words
5 sources, 18 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Examines how this psychotic disorder is presented in the film "A BEAUTIFUL MIND." Follows the disorder through the life of Nobel Prize winning mathematician John Nash as a classic case of the disorder. DSM-IV classification. Symptoms that need to be present for a diagnosis. Commends the film's portrayal of the social/occupational dysfunction brought about by the disorder.
Paper Introduction:
A Beautiful Mind
Paranoid Schizophrenia
Introduction
The film A Beautiful Mind portrays the life story of Nobel Prize winning mathematician John Nash. Nash’s genius in mathematics was counterbalanced by his affliction with paranoid schizophrenia. According to the DSM-IV (1994), paranoid schizophrenia is classified as one of six psychotic disorders that are characterized by psychosis, delusions and hallucinations. When the individual afflicted with paranoid schizophrenia hears voices, which Nash does, only one or more of the following symptoms need be present for a diagnosis of schizophrenia:
Delusions
Hallucination
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BIPOLAR I DISORDER.
Term Paper ID:29712
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Essay Subject:
Overview of the clinical course of the disorder.... More...
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10 Pages / 2250 Words
13 sources, 20 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Overview of the clinical course of the disorder. Diagnosis and problems of misdiagnosis. Criteria sets used to describe type of episodes: manic & mixed episodes (manic and depression). Onset and symptoms of the disorder. Etiology and object relations perspective; theory of object relations. Treatment of bipolar disorder, past and present. Pharmacotherapy and psychoeducational programs.
Paper Introduction:
Bipolar I Disorder
This research paper will present the topic of Bipolar I Disorder, within an object relations conceptualization. Definition and diagnosis, symptoms and course, etiology, and past and current treatment will be included in the discussion.
Introduction
Bipolar I was found to rank sixth as the leading cause of disability for individuals ages 15 years to 44 years in the last decade (Rivas-Vazquez, Johnson, Rey, Blais, & Rivas-Vasquez, 2002). Annual costs due to this disorder are estimated at $45 billion with $9 billion being due to suicide. Bipolar patients have a lifetime risk of suicide at a 19% rate, which ranks higher than any other mental disorder. Diagnosis and treatment continue to remain a complex issue. The disorder frequently is undetected or misdiagno
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SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Term Paper ID:29560
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Essay Subject:
Analysis of a 2000 article on the psychological disorder.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
1 sources, 2 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
Analysis of a 2000 article on the psychological disorder. Summary of the article. Relationship between relapse and expressed emotion (EE) in schizophrenic patients. Relationship between good and bad memories and levels of EE and criticism in parents. Sample used. Findings. Evaluation of findings.
Paper Introduction:
Article Summary
The following article review will present a summary of "Schizophrenia Outpatients' Perceptions of Their Parents is Expressed Emotion a Factor?" by Cutting and Docherty (2000). A summary of the article will be presented, followed by a response to the article conclusions.
Article Summary
Cutting and Docherty (2000) studied the relationship between relapse and expressed emotion (EE) in schizophrenic patients. They stated that mediating factors related to this correlation are unknown, but it has been hypothesized that interactions with individuals high in EE, leads to stress for the patient, which is a risk for relapse. This study assessed effects of this type of interaction in 27 schizophrenia patients. The associatio
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CHILDHOOD SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Term Paper ID:29318
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Essay Subject:
Discussion of the personality disorder/psychoses.... More...
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7 Pages / 1575 Words
6 sources, 11 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Discussion of the personality disorder/psychoses. APA criteria. Characteristics and at-risk populations. Gender and intelligence; general characteristics. Gradual development. Onset. Auditory hallucinations and delusional beliefs. Theories: Freud, Jung. Neurological, biological, genetic and environmental factors; no single cause of the disease. Treatments: medication and counseling or psychotherapy. Non-traditional treatment.
Paper Introduction:
PERSONALITY DISORDERS/PSYCHOSES: CHILDHOOD SCHIZOPHRENIA
Definition
According to Dunn (2002), childhood schizophrenia is a chronic and disabling psychosis which the current version of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders now equates as diagnosable by exactly the same criteria as adult schizophrenia with one potential modification for children (in childhood-onset schizophrenia, the failure to meet expected social or academic milestones may be present rather than a deterioration in functioning). In general the criteria for adult and childhood schizophrenia include deficits of adaptive functioning accompanied by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized to catatonic behavior and negative symptoms such as alogia, affective flat
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SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Term Paper ID:29308
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Essay Subject:
Evaluates biological causes.... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
8 sources, 9 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Evaluates biological causes. Arguments and evidence that support the biological cause of schizophrenia. APA axis. Studies on biological model. Evidence against biological causes. Behavioral causes. Causal relationship between stressful life events and schizophrenia symptom severity. High-risk children. Concludes there is support for both biological and environmental causes of schizophrenia.
Paper Introduction:
Evaluating Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
Introduction
This paper will present an evaluation of the biological causes of schizophrenia, with arguments for and against this perspective, followed by a conclusion.
Arguments and Evidence for Biological Causes
Walker and Diforio (1997) provided arguments and evidence for the biological cause of schizophrenia. While studies have shown that stress is a component of schizophrenic symptom exacerbation, it has also shown that this stress results in greater impact in the at-risk patient, with biological vulnerability. Studies have provided evidence that schizophrenic patients have a dysfunctional stress response system. There are features of the HPA axis which make it a system whi
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EATING DISORDERS & ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR.
Term Paper ID:28771
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Essay Subject:
Analysis of how addiction model & substance abuse explain eating disorders; conceptual & methodological problems with theory.... More...
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17 Pages / 3825 Words
16 sources, 28 Citations,
APA Format
$68.00
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Paper Abstract:
Analysis of how addiction model & substance abuse explain eating disorders; conceptual & methodological problems with theory.
Paper Introduction:
The Behavior Patterns of Eating Disorders and Addictive Behavior
Introduction
In his discussion of the addiction model of eating disorders, Wilson (1991) noted that one of the main interests of researchers is discovering the commonalities among different kinds of substance use ad abuse. There is an emphasis on learning whether alcoholism, drug abuse, and eating disorders, among other problems, are connected in some respects in terms of etiology, maintenance, and changing of behaviors. To this end, models have been devised that propose biological mechanisms that undergird all the behaviors or propose similar psychosocial factors as the foundation for these varied behaviors. The intent in the following pages is to look at the addiction model
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MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER.
Term Paper ID:28663
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Essay Subject:
Characteristics, signs & symptoms, psychiatric management.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
3 sources, 9 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Characteristics, signs & symptoms, psychiatric management.
Paper Introduction:
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
This research paper presents an overview of Major Depressive Disorder. Also included are the diagnostic signs and symptoms of the disorder.
Overview
Major Depressive Disorder is a diagnostic classification involving a clinical course characterized by one or more Major Depressive Episodes with a lack of historical Manic, Mixed, or Hypomanic Episodes. This diagnosis also rules out mood disorders due to substance or drug abuse, medication, toxin exposure, or medical conditions; depressive symptoms must not be accounted for Schizoaffective Disorder or be superimposed on Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Delusional Disorder, or Psychotic Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (American
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SIMPLE PHOBIAS.
Term Paper ID:28424
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Essay Subject:
Discussion of claustrophobia, acrophobia, fear of animals & other anxiety disorders. Etiology of the disorder. Treatment (behavioral therapy & drugs).... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
12 sources, 17 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Discussion of claustrophobia, acrophobia, fear of animals & other anxiety disorders. Etiology of the disorder. Treatment (behavioral therapy & drugs).
Paper Introduction:
Claustrophobia is one of a set of psychological or behavioral disorders known as simple phobias. Simple phobias involve persistent fear of a circumscribed stimulus other than the fear of having a panic attack (such as is found in a panic disorder) or of humiliation or embarrassment in social situations (as is seen in social phobia). The most common phobias involve fear of animals, particularly dogs, snakes, insects, and mice, while other common phobias involve closed spaces (claustrophobia) or heights (acrophobia). Phobic persons always recognize that their fears are irrational or unrealistic but are unable to control their reaction. Simple phobias are best treated with behavioral therapy, and drugs alone are not effective (Kline, 1996).
Prince (1993) notes that culture is a universal feature of
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DEPRESSION.
Term Paper ID:28328
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Essay Subject:
Argues importance of classifying depression as a debilitating disease. Cites reasons. Treatment issues.... More...
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5 Pages / 1125 Words
3 sources, 5 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Argues importance of classifying depression as a debilitating disease. Cites reasons. Treatment issues.
Paper Introduction:
The most important point to consider in the debate on whether depression is a disease is that it is indeed categorized as a disease by the DSM, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, which is the standard for naming and classifying mental diseases by the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV).
The DSM includes listings for all those elements of a disorder which qualify depression as a disease -- diagnostic features, specifiers, recording procedures and diagnostic codes, associated descriptive features, associated laboratory findings, prevalence, course, and familial pattern. Anyone who offers the view that depression is not a disease must confront the findings of the American Psychiatric Association and that organization's inclusion of various types of depression as diseases.
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EATING DISORDERS.
Term Paper ID:28084
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Essay Subject:
Causes of the obsessive pursuit of thinness; societal pressures; historical perspective, types of disorders, demographics, solutions.... More...
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16 Pages / 3600 Words
12 sources, 57 Citations,
APA Format
$64.00
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Paper Abstract:
Causes of the obsessive pursuit of thinness; societal pressures; historical perspective, types of disorders, demographics, solutions.
Paper Introduction:
The Obsessive Pursuit of “Thinness”:
The Role of American Culture in Eating Disorders
Abstract
During the last decade, the devastating impact of eating disorders has captured the attention of the public. Manifested primarily in the forms of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, eating disorders affect considerably more women then men. The susceptibility of women to eating disorders stems from media images and social expectations that women focus on their physical appearance. Bombarded unremittingly by thin glamorous women in the media, women who conform to society’s values go on a punishing treadmill to push themselves to achieve these unreasonable standards of beauty. Therefore, apart from addressing individuals who suffer from eating disorders, it is essential for
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ATTENTION-DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER.
Term Paper ID:28065
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Essay Subject:
Signs of ADHD, treatments (massage, drugs, behavioral therapy). Discusses ADHD adolescent study using massage therapy with positive results.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
4 sources, 4 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Signs of ADHD, treatments (massage, drugs, behavioral therapy). Discusses ADHD adolescent study using massage therapy with positive results.
Paper Introduction:
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder characterized by distractibility, hyperactivity, impulsive behavior, and the inability to remain focused on tasks or activities. It is estimated to affect from three to 9 percent of children, and affects boys more than girls. Signs of ADHD usually appear as early as age two or three and symptoms change at puberty. The disorder is usually treated with psychostimulants such as dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), pemoline (Cylert), or methylphenidate (Ritalin).
Since many parents are reluctant to keep their children on medications, they have turned to alternative therapies for help. This paper will look at the effectiveness of massage therapy in treating children and adolescents with ADHD
Massage is the manipulation of the soft tissues of the body throu
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PERSONALITY DISORDERS.
Term Paper ID:28029
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Essay Subject:
Examines 11 personality disorders, their categories, causes, treatment, patient behavior.... More...
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11 Pages / 2475 Words
11 sources, 22 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Examines 11 personality disorders, their categories, causes, treatment, patient behavior.
Paper Introduction:
This paper is a discussion of the class of psychological disturbances known as personality disorders. These 11 pervasive disorders are common enough within the population to demand more attention than they sometimes get within the general medical community; often, patients who exhibit some of the symptoms of these disorders are simply dismissed as being "difficult" patients, rather than immediately being given the kind of treatment that might help them to deal more effectively with their emotions, their interpersonal relationships, and the world around them.
The American Psychiatric Association, in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), divides disorders into Axis I and Axis II, the first category including a wide range of clinical disorders and the second
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Depression Subtypes
Term Paper ID:27659
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Essay Subject:
Defines & presents some symptoms of anaclitic & introjective subtypes of depression.... More...
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3 Pages / 675 Words
7 sources, 7 Citations,
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Paper Abstract:
Defines & presents some symptoms of anaclitic & introjective subtypes of depression.
Paper Introduction:
Depression Subtypes
Introduction
There are several different ways of characterizing depression. One of the most popular contemporary schemes identifies two basic depression subtypes: anaclitic and introjective. Anaclitic depression is associated with borderline personality disorder, and characterized by disturbance in interpersonal relationships, while introjective depression is most often associated with self criticism and guilt. In the following pages, the intention is to examine some of the research about these two subtypes.
Characteristics and Behaviors
There is some disagreement about the validity of the
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Term Paper ID:27553
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Essay Subject:
Examines difficulty related to study, diagnosis, & treatment of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
7 sources, 6 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Examines difficulty related to study, diagnosis, & treatment of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).
Paper Introduction:
ABSTRACT
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is examined in terms of definition, etiology, problems associated with diagnosis and study, and treatment. Oppositional defiant disorder is a disorder that involves symptoms which, when they occur at a certain developmental stage, are considered normal, but when they persist or occur at a later stage of development, they are signs of the disorder. There are a number of problems raised with reference to the study of ODD, notably the question of its specific relationship to a more severe disorder, conduct disorder. There is evidence that the two are linked developmentally so that ODD may lead to conduct disorder, but there is also evidence that they may be two distinct issues.
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Specific Phobia
Term Paper ID:27396
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Essay Subject:
Examines the seven separate criteria for specific phobia. Discusses the diagnosis, evaluation, & treatment forms for those suffering from specific phobias.... More...
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9 Pages / 2025 Words
14 sources, 16 Citations,
APA Format
$36.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines the seven separate criteria for specific phobia. Discusses the diagnosis, evaluation, & treatment forms for those suffering from specific phobias.
Paper Introduction:
Specific Phobia
Definition
There are seven separate criteria for specific phobia, which was formerly known as simple phobia. The criteria are:
1. Marked and persistent fear of clearly circumscribed objects or situations, like spiders or riding in elevators;
2. Immediate anxiety reaction upon exposure to the stimulus;
3. Recognition by adolescents and adults that their fear is excessive or unreasonable;
4. The phobic stimulus is generally avoided or endured with dread;
5. That the fear or avoidance interferes with the individual's functioning or the individual is markedly distressed about the phobia;
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"ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER" (K.L. O'CONNELL).
Term Paper ID:27004
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Essay Subject:
Examines article on this disorder & role of nurse in its treatment.... More...
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4 Pages / 900 Words
1 sources, 3 Citations,
APA Format
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Paper Abstract:
Examines article on this disorder & role of nurse in its treatment.
Paper Introduction:
O'Connell's 1996 article on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) consists of an overview of the disorder and a review of the pediatric nurse's role in its assessment and treatment. Basic steps of the nursing process (assessment, plan of care, and implementation) are discussed in the article and demonstrated in the clinical case study which is appended. Two other steps in the nursing process, nursing diagnosis and evaluation, are also briefly referred to in the sample case but are not seen as major parts of the nursing function in relation to ADHD. O'Connell's article provides a lucid overview of this only partially understood disorder (including a reprint of the DSM IV diagnostic criteria) in conjunction with the discussion of the nurse's role. It is a valuable practical guide to the subject and, incidentally, produces a working description of some
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EATING DISORDERS.
Term Paper ID:26664
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Essay Subject:
Examines causes, effects, psychological & physical aspects, treatment of anorexia nervosa & bulimia nervosa.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
5 sources, 2 Citations,
MLA Format
$24.00
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Paper Abstract:
Examines causes, effects, psychological & physical aspects, treatment of anorexia nervosa & bulimia nervosa.
Paper Introduction:
This paper is on the eating disorders of anorexia nervosa, a complex and often fatal illness, and bulimia nervosa, a related condition. It attempts to explore the extent to which social expectations, primarily male ideals about the female body, are a major causal factor in the etiology of anorexia, but looks as well at other explanations.
Anorexia nervosa is defined as self-starvation leading to a loss of body weight to a level 15 percent below normal, accompanied by hyperactivity, hypothermia, and amenorrhea. Hypothermia results when the body fat is lost and the victim becomes cold all the time. Amenorrhea is defined as the absence of at least three menstrual cycles.
Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder that affects from 5 to 15 percent of young women. Girls with bulimia may appear norma
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STUTTERING.
Term Paper ID:26508
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Essay Subject:
Description, associated psychological features, onset, diagnosis, treatment.... More...
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3 Pages / 675 Words
5 sources, 12 Citations,
APA Format
$12.00
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Paper Abstract:
Description, associated psychological features, onset, diagnosis, treatment.
Paper Introduction:
STUTTERING
Introduction
This research paper provides a description of stuttering. Three sections discussed include the following: description of the disorder; differential diagnoses; and treatment.
Description of The Disorder
The main feature of the diagnosis, stuttering, is a disturbance of speech that is inappropriate for the individual's age, that is characterized by frequent repetitions or prolongations of sounds. Other speech dysfluencies such as interjections, broken words, audible or silent blocking, circumlocutions, monosyllabic whole word repetitions, and words with excess physical tension, might be involved. Disturbances
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SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Term Paper ID:26268
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Essay Subject:
Definition, causes, symptoms, research, genetics, treatment recommendations, prognosis, drugs.... More...
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6 Pages / 1350 Words
3 sources, 7 Citations,
MLA Format
$24.00
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Paper Abstract:
Definition, causes, symptoms, research, genetics, treatment recommendations, prognosis, drugs.
Paper Introduction:
Schizophrenia is a chronic, disabling disorder beginning in adolescent or young adulthood, and it is characterized by impaired reality testing, disordered thought, flat or inappropriate affect, and resulting in marked social and occupational impairments. It may involve frequent hospitalization and usually is marked by deterioration. The nature of the disease is a source of controversy, whether it is a single disease or a spectrum of multiple diseases. Positive symptoms have been identified and differentiated from negative symptoms, and the positive-negative dichotomy recalls the division of Schizophrenia into types I and II, classification according to deficit and nondeficit forms, and the use of positive and negative symptoms in earlier discussions. Neuropsychological correlates of schizophrenia include
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SUPPORT FOR AUTISTIC CHILDREN & FAMILY.
Term Paper ID:26123
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Essay Subject:
Analyzes availability, goals, techniques, models, theories & effectiveness of programs of intervention & treatment, focusing on design of preschool model of family support for families of autistc child in Saudi Arabia.... More...
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77 Pages / 17325 Words
38 sources, 51 Citations,
APA Format
$308.00
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Paper Abstract:
Analyzes availability, goals, techniques, models, theories & effectiveness of programs of intervention & treatment, focusing on design of preschool model of family support for families of autistc child in Saudi Arabia.
Paper Introduction:
Supporting the Families of Preschool Children with Autism
Chapter One
Introduction
Although early intervention with children diagnosed with autism does not cure the autism, it seems to minimize the development of secondary behavioral problems. With parent
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AUTISM & BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT.
Term Paper ID:26000
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Essay Subject:
Describes disorder & assumptions, process, scales & effectiveness of behavioral analysis (not behavior modification). Abstract.... More...
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10 Pages / 2250 Words
10 sources, 15 Citations,
APA Format
$40.00
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Paper Abstract:
Describes disorder & assumptions, process, scales & effectiveness of behavioral analysis (not behavior modification). Abstract.
Paper Introduction:
Abstract
After providing a brief definition of the developmental disorder of autism, this paper examines the ways in which behavioral analysis or behavioral assessment has been used as a treatment strategy for this syndrome in children. Behavioral analysis sets aside questions of the complex and opaque etiology of this syndrome to attempt to provide effective treatment by altering the environment of autistic individuals so that they can in turn control their systems. This is a substantial shift in emphasis from earlier methods of treatment that attempted to directly affect or to control the autistic individual without altering environment stimuli in necessary ways. The literature on this form of treatment is reviewed to demonstrate that researchers believe such behavioral analyses are by far the most effective ways known current
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GENETICS & SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Term Paper ID:25931
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Essay Subject:
Technical analysis of basics of genetic research & as applied to this disorder. Twins & adoptees, methods, results, liability model, future research.... More...
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14 Pages / 3150 Words
4 sources, 23 Citations,
APA Format
$56.00
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Paper Abstract:
Technical analysis of basics of genetic research & as applied to this disorder. Twins & adoptees, methods, results, liability model, future research.
Paper Introduction:
Genetics and Schizophrenia
Introduction
According to McGuffin et al. (1995), at the beginning of this century schizophrenia was already considered to have a genetic component. However, this was disputed during the 1960s by the word of R.D. Laing and others, who considered schizophrenia as primarily environmental, and as representing an adaptive response to a crazy-making culture. In looking carefully at the research, however, the current consensus is that there is clearly a genetic component to schizophrenia, although the exact method of transmission has not been identified. The intent in the following pages is to explore some of the research, looking at problems, methods, and future directions, along with
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SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Term Paper ID:25903
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Essay Subject:
Definition, symptoms, prevalence, possible causes, treatment, medication.... More...
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7 Pages / 1575 Words
4 sources, 15 Citations,
APA Format
$28.00
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Paper Abstract:
Definition, symptoms, prevalence, possible causes, treatment, medication.
Paper Introduction:
Schizophrenia:
Symptoms and Treatment for this Non-Curable Disorder
Schizophrenia is a brain disorder affecting a person's ability to think clearly, to know what is real, to manage his or her emotions, to make decisions, and to relate to others (Schizophrenia defined, 1998). The disease is not to be confused with multiple personality disorder, a condition in which patients manifest two or more personalities. Somewhere between one to two million Americans are affected every year with schizophrenia, and one out of one hundred people will be afflicted with the disorder at some point in life. The first symptoms usually appear sometime between the ages of sixteen and thirty. For men, it is often earlier, between sixteen and twenty-five. For women, it
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AUTISM.
Term Paper ID:25872
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Essay Subject:
Definition, diagnosis, characteristics, classification, behavioral problems, possible causes, treatment.... More...
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10 Pages / 2250 Words
4 sources, 17 Citations,
APA Format
$40.00
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Paper Abstract:
Definition, diagnosis, characteristics, classification, behavioral problems, possible causes, treatment.
Paper Introduction:
This paper is a discussion of autistic disorder, a developmental disorder that is characterized by severe impairment in social interaction and communication exhibited before the age of 3. First identified in the early 1940s, autism is often described as a state of siege, in which the child, unable to control or derive satisfaction from the world, retreats from reciprocal contact with others and creates a strictly regulated fantasy world in which to exist. Frequently misdiagnosed in its original manifestations, autism can be especially frustrating for parents and therapists to deal with. Only about a third of autistic children can be taught to become partially independent. Autism is relatively rare, occurring in two to five cases of 1,000, but it is a remarkably striking disorder, offering interesting insights into normal childhood development and the
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BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER.
Term Paper ID:25790
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Essay Subject:
Definition, causes, characteristics, role of childhood, development theory, self-destructive behavior, treatment (therapy & drugs).... More...
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11 Pages / 2475 Words
10 sources, 25 Citations,
APA Format
$44.00
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Paper Abstract:
Definition, causes, characteristics, role of childhood, development theory, self-destructive behavior, treatment (therapy & drugs).
Paper Introduction:
A personality disorder is characterized by an enduring pattern of inner experience and outward behavior that consistently deviates from the expectations of the individual's culture (Linehan, Oldham, & Silk, 1995). Ten personality disorders are currently recognized, and this paper will discuss just one such disorder - borderline personality disorder. It will present a review of the literature on borderline personality disorder, a treatment plan for a patient with the disorder, and discuss the therapeutic alliance between a patient with borderline personality disorder and his/her therapist.
An estimate of the prevalence of personality disorders in a community population is from two percent to 14 percent (Linehan Oldham, & Silk, 1995; Hubbard, Saathoff, Bernardo, & Barnett, 1995; Coreeli, 1998). Although the disorder occurs in both men
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