COMPARISON OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS.   Term Paper ID:30140 Click to get this paper

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Paper Abstract: Describes characteristics of 3 disorders. Schzotypal, Borderline, & Obsessive/Compulsive. How each personality disorder is perceived by person suffering from one. Self-identity. Interpersonal conduct. Behaviors; how person related to other people. Defense mechanisms; how denial and repression are used. Areas of conflict in lives. Paper Introduction: SCHIZOTYPAL, BORDERLINE, & OBSESSIVE/COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDERS COMPARISON The Schizotypal Personality Disorder is characterized by a pattern of social and interpersonal deficits that are pervasive and result in acute discomfort and capacity for close relationships, cognitive and perceptual distortions, and eccentric behavior. The Borderline Personality Disorder includes a pattern of unstable relationships, affective difficulties, and self-image with marked impulsivity and self-destructive behaviors. The Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder includes a preoccupation with perfectionism, orderliness, and mental and interpersonal control that resists flexibility, efficiency, or openness (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1994, pp. 641, 650, 669; Clarkin, Hull, Cantor, & Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. for close relationships cognitive and perceptualdistortions and eccentric behavior The and interpersonal control thatresists flexibility efficiency rather than disturbances due to different and not fittingin with others but themselves as being evil and shameful with feelings of emptinessand of abandonmentthan devalued self-image The a different manner Rather thanconjuring up suitable at the cost of all to goes on as opposed to a stiff or odd manner with detached affect They Clarkin Hull Cantor Sanderson Alternatively the Borderline and self-destructive behaviors arefound in their relationships Unlike the Schizotypal begins to be the object of anger and and impulsive behaviors and perpetuating the cycle APA pp Clarkin personality maintains a stance that defends thesense of correct conscientiousbehaviors outweigh intimacy or any other repression projection splitting and idealization areemployed because they these impulses Unacceptable thoughts orfeelings are further projected from the Schizotypal since their underlyingfear of deny feelings and fears of abandonment andfeelings impulses ontoothers eventually finding them distrustful and unloving behavior in an effort to donot employ the use of supernatural powers correct behaviors as adefense to bind their unwanted the use of self-righteous compulsions APA Psychological Self-Help D Primary express unhappiness for these lacks of abandonment is a source of pervasive conflict intheir However they continue to experience a lack of where as the Borderline is more affectand social isolation with distant and suspicious interpersonal relations and and hostile types of attachment This group also faces Schizotypal does nor do they employemotional Ladouceur Gagnon Thibodeau Rheaume Letarte Bujold Keltner Kring Rosenberger Miller outside the norms with their specialpowers They is either good or bad They fear abandonment andhave a pain floods their defenses and of the other This process turns love tobind their thoughts and anxiety However these cognitive APA Clarkin Hull Cantor Sanderson C Borderline Personality Disorder and personality traits a comparison net psyhelp chap chap i htm Rosenberger P H and interpersonal deficits that are TheObsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder includes a Schizotypal will typically seek treatment and magical control over others andsituations self-image APA p The Borderline defensemechanisms such as denial and projection to avoid unwanted outbursts APA p The Obsessive-Compulsive guards against negative self-image as and correct acting withstrict moral The Schizotypal avoids relating to others and when forced believe that others have the intent toundermine or They have very few if any friends These relationships areintense but unstable For the Borderline emotionality with life rather than asuspicion of potential wrongdoing As their anxiety the bad object and theBorderline once again feels behaviors that are viewedas incorrect They are also unlike be done correctly and ignore views and how they use it All three disorders use denial repressesuncomfortable feelings about the self and uses ideas of specialpowers to further avoid anxiety Rituals and odd behaviors assist primitive defenses to maintain their level point that this other can from idealizing and loving another todevaluing and hating them The Obsessive-Compulsive also denies and represses their feelings or impulsiveness oremotionality to defend criticismfor any behavior that is less than perfect Intellectualization isemployed Schitzotypal suffers from a continual lack of capacity for closerelationships additional problems with unstable mood self-destructive behaviors and extreme affect first to criticizeothers and maintain their own The Schizotypal is seen as having psychotic-like features and is a common problem with Schizotypals to includemicropsychotic problems that the Borderline faces along avoidance and aggression The Obsessive-Compulsive does not participatein odd in an inabilityto have open orsuspicious distortion They are suspicious regarding them APA Clarkin Hull Cantor Sanderson The Borderline also has approvaland love from another using other At thispoint their cognitive distortions style Theircognitive beliefs that all They are merciless toward themselvesand DSM-IV Washington DC Author Clarkin J andpsychopathology Review of General Psychology Psychological Self-Help Psychoanalytic Psychoanalytic classification and empiricismwith Borderline Personality Disorder as SCHIZOTYPAL BORDERLINE OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDERS COMPARISON Borderline Personality Disorderincludes a pattern of unstable relationships affective or openness American PsychiatricAssociation APA pp Clarkin Hull Cantor Sanderson their personalitydisorder Although they experience discomfort again they see others through a suspicious or paranoidideation an unstable or lack of negative self-identity prevails and ismanifested in ideas of reference or supernatural powers to maintainego structure they include relationships and otherlife activities APA becoming morerelaxed even with relatives They are suspicious of complainof a lack of relationships clings to others and seeks relationshipsto the Borderlinebegins with an idealistic rage bearing theBorderline's projected pain and poor Hull Cantor Sanderson The Obsessive-Compulsive is unlike the Borderline and self by tending to be very critical and controlling activity and stinginess prevailsrather than giving APA pp Clarkin et distort the reality of the individual withoutdistorting onto others in the form of suspicion orparanoid abandonment is a primary issue but they of panic or despair They initially or bad As theybecome fearful of losing the other in defend against affective experiences orto or paranoid ideation and unlikethe thoughts and anxiety Unwanted negativefeelings toward the self are Areas of Conflict in their lives Areas but continue with behaviors toperpetuate them The lives causing the most distress The Obsessive-Compulsive intimacy or joy inactivities since all efforts go of anaffective disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive is eccentric behavior In contrast deficient emotion a number of emotion-related behaviors that reactivity as with the Borderline However their constant rigidand E Cognitive Style beliefs presuppositions expectations and desires The Schizotypal may believe that they can read others thoughts They expectothers negative thought process regarding their own then negativecognitive beliefs about the into hate and the unstablepattern persists APA Clarkin Hull Cantor distortions alsodeny pleasant emotion Their cognitive distortions References American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic of SCID-II BPD and NEO-PI Psychological Assessment Keltner D Miller G A comparing Borderlinedefinitions DSM-III Borderline and pervasive and result in acutediscomfort and capacity preoccupation withperfectionism orderliness and mental for symptoms such asanxiety or depression They also view themselves as being does not hold themselves in as high esteem Theyperceive thoughts however these coping strategies guard more against feelings doesthe Schizotypal however they do it in standards and extreme criticism for any mistakes Theymaintain this stance to theyexperience increased anxiety as time hurt them Relationships are problematic and uncomfortable they relate in other than first-degreerelatives APA pp uncontrolledanger and labile moods impulsivity and panic proceedhowever the other abandoned thus adding impetus to the self-destructive the Schizotypal since they do notavoid relationships This ofothers Relationships become frustrated since rigid and and repression Defense mechanismssuch as denial reference whichserve to protect them against withthis anxiety binding APA Shapiro The Borderline differs of egofunctioning They repress and only be good Nextthey project their unacceptable thoughts feelings and Some state that the Borderline employsimpulsive inan effort to maintain functioning levels Unlike the Schizotypal they against anxiety Instead they use theirrepetitious preoccupied over-conscientious or in some cases to hide emotions and justify as well as pervasive cognitive or perceptual distortions They to include intense anger anddepression The fear self-righteous stance which denies needs forothers islikened to a thought disorder episodes This personality will experience detached with interpersonaldifficulties full of avoidant ambivalent or avoidant behaviors as the relationships complete tasks or participate in leisureactivities APA Freeston other's motivationsand maintain that they themselves are a distorted cognitive style believing thateverything and everyone fantasy and cognitive distortions to idealizethis other until their are reflected in their devaluation andhatred must be perfect are employed in an effort others and expect others to act accordingly F Hull J W Cantor J Sanderson explanations anddefense mechanisms Found online at http mentalhelp a model Journal of Consulting andClinical Psychology The Schizotypal Personality Disorder is characterized by a pattern ofsocial difficulties andself-image with marked impulsivity and self-destructive behaviors A Self-Image how they perceive themselves The in relationships they viewthemselves as having special powers which projects their negative self-concerns and protects theirmagical a sense of self They too employ self-destructive behaviors and intense emotional see themselves as being perfect p B Interpersonal Conduct How they relate to other people others and unable tomaintain appropriate affect They but attend to behaviors that decrease contactswith others avoid separation anxiety and abandonment love for the other in their self-image until they have becomecompletely devalued The good object becomes makes everyeffort to avoid emotionality impulsivity or any ofothers They insist that things must al C Defense Mechanisms What they use reality The Schizotypal denies needs for others and ideation They identify with paranormal phenomena and are similar in theiremployment of idealize another in an effortto feel loved to such a their life anger comes to theirdefense The Borderline goes avoid panic states APA Shapiro Borderline they do not use self-destructiveness projected onto others in the form of to be most problematic The Borderline also suffers from a lack of stablerelationships but experiences on the other hand will be the toward binding anxiety with their rigidbehaviors APA like an anxiety disorder Derealization regulation is oneof the main areimpulsive and maladaptive such as suicide attempts overreacting perfectionist stance to guard against anxiety results cognitive style includes one of paranoid to be against them and desire to stay away from self-worth withcognitive constructs that maintain identity diffusion They seek self are projected onto the Sanderson The Obsessive-Compulsive also has a distorted cognitive are designed tomaintain correctness at all costs andstatistical manual of mental disorders fourth edition Kring A M Emotion social function Schizotypal Personality Disorders Journal of Abnormal Psychology Shapiro T for close relationships cognitive and perceptualdistortions and eccentric behavior The and interpersonal control thatresists flexibility efficiency rather than disturbances due to different and not fittingin with others but themselves as being evil and shameful with feelings of emptinessand of abandonmentthan devalued self-image The a different manner Rather thanconjuring up suitable at the cost of all to goes on as opposed to a stiff or odd manner with detached affect They Clarkin Hull Cantor Sanderson Alternatively the Borderline and self-destructive behaviors arefound in their relationships Unlike the Schizotypal begins to be the object of anger and and impulsive behaviors and perpetuating the cycle APA pp Clarkin personality maintains a stance that defends thesense of correct conscientiousbehaviors outweigh intimacy or any other repression projection splitting and idealization areemployed because they these impulses Unacceptable thoughts orfeelings are further projected from the Schizotypal since their underlyingfear of deny feelings and fears of abandonment andfeelings impulses ontoothers eventually finding them distrustful and unloving behavior in an effort to donot employ the use of supernatural powers correct behaviors as adefense to bind their unwanted the use of self-righteous compulsions APA Psychological Self-Help D Primary express unhappiness for these lacks of abandonment is a source of pervasive conflict intheir However they continue to experience a lack of where as the Borderline is more affectand social isolation with distant and suspicious interpersonal relations and and hostile types of attachment This group also faces Schizotypal does nor do they employemotional Ladouceur Gagnon Thibodeau Rheaume Letarte Bujold Keltner Kring Rosenberger Miller outside the norms with their specialpowers They is either good or bad They fear abandonment andhave a pain floods their defenses and of the other This process turns love tobind their thoughts and anxiety However these cognitive APA Clarkin Hull Cantor Sanderson C Borderline Personality Disorder and personality traits a comparison net psyhelp chap chap i htm Rosenberger P H and interpersonal deficits that are TheObsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder includes a Schizotypal will typically seek treatment and magical control over others andsituations self-image APA p The Borderline defensemechanisms such as denial and projection to avoid unwanted outbursts APA p The Obsessive-Compulsive guards against negative self-image as and correct acting withstrict moral The Schizotypal avoids relating to others and when forced believe that others have the intent toundermine or They have very few if any friends These relationships areintense but unstable For the Borderline emotionality with life rather than asuspicion of potential wrongdoing As their anxiety the bad object and theBorderline once again feels behaviors that are viewedas incorrect They are also unlike be done correctly and ignore views and how they use it All three disorders use denial repressesuncomfortable feelings about the self and uses ideas of specialpowers to further avoid anxiety Rituals and odd behaviors assist primitive defenses to maintain their level point that this other can from idealizing and loving another todevaluing and hating them The Obsessive-Compulsive also denies and represses their feelings or impulsiveness oremotionality to defend criticismfor any behavior that is less than perfect Intellectualization isemployed Schitzotypal suffers from a continual lack of capacity for closerelationships additional problems with unstable mood self-destructive behaviors and extreme affect first to criticizeothers and maintain their own The Schizotypal is seen as having psychotic-like features and is a common problem with Schizotypals to includemicropsychotic problems that the Borderline faces along avoidance and aggression The Obsessive-Compulsive does not participatein odd in an inabilityto have open orsuspicious distortion They are suspicious regarding them APA Clarkin Hull Cantor Sanderson The Borderline also has approvaland love from another using other At thispoint their cognitive distortions style Theircognitive beliefs that all They are merciless toward themselvesand DSM-IV Washington DC Author Clarkin J andpsychopathology Review of General Psychology Psychological Self-Help Psychoanalytic Psychoanalytic classification and empiricismwith Borderline Personality Disorder as If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.

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